Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 Review: Queen of the Castle (2024)

GeForce RTX 4090: Gaming Performance at 4K

• Page 1: Meet the Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090
• Page 2: Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 Founders Edition
• Page 3: GeForce RTX 4090: Gaming Performance at 4K
• Page 4: GeForce RTX 4090: Gaming Performance at 1440p and 1080p
• Page 5: GeForce RTX 4090: DLSS 3, Latency, and 'Pure' Ray Tracing Performance
• Page 6: GeForce RTX 4090: Professional and Content Creation Performance
• Page 7: GeForce RTX 4090 Video Encoding Performance and Quality
• Page 8: GeForce RTX 4090: Power, Temps, Noise, Etc.
• Page 9: RTX 4090 Third Party Cards and Overclocking
• Page 10: GeForce RTX 4090: Queen Ada Ascends to Her Throne

Let's pause for a moment while you check through those charts — there are nine in total, so don't just look at the overall average! But if you do just check the average, you'll see that the RTX 4090 provides a massive 55% improvement over the

that launched six months ago. If you just bought a 3090 Ti, this one's going to sting more than a little. Yeah, you might have saved $500, but if you're in the market for a GPU that costs $1,000 or more, we think this level of performance at least justifies the cost.

Looking at other GPUs, there's a 71% generational uplift compared to the

, and a slightly larger 77% improvement over the RTX 3080 Ti. Against AMD's best, the

, in our standard gaming suite that doesn't tap into most of the

extra features, you're still getting a 64% improvement. That's huge and might put Nvidia's raw performance out of reach for AMD's upcoming RDNA 3 GPUs. We'll have to wait a month or so to see where AMD lands, but this is Nvidia throwing down the gauntlet.

It's also important to note that the 55% average includes games that are still hitting CPU bottlenecks, like Flight Simulator. The RTX 4090 barely drops in performance going from 1080p ultra to 1440p ultra to 4K ultra — which is part of why Nvidia's DLSS 3 Frame Generation technology is so exciting, but we'll get to that in a bit.

In the eight individual test results, the RTX 4090 beats the 3090 Ti by anywhere from 11% (Flight Simulator) to 112% (Total War: Warhammer 3). Those are the two outliers, with the remaining six games falling in a tighter range of 46% (Far Cry 6, Red Dead Redemption 2) to 70% (Forza Horizon 5).

It's also worth noting what DLSS 2 in Quality mode does for performance in the four games that support it. Flight Simulator performance drops 4%, again due to the CPU limited nature. Horizon Zero Dawn only gains 10%, Watch Dogs Legion gets a 13% boost, and Red Dead Redemption performance improves by 14%. The RTX 3090 Ti saw up to a 35% increase in performance with DLSS 2 Quality mode, so again there are clear CPU bottlenecks coming into play, even at 4K.

But this isn't a card primarily designed for standard rasterization rendering techniques. It can easily beat the previous generation cards in such games, but where it's really destined to shine is with significant levels of ray tracing.

If the standard gaming performance didn't spark your interest, surely the ray tracing results will. Now we're looking at a 78% improvement over the previous gen RTX 3090 Ti, and this is in existing games. More demanding ray tracing titles are on the way, though there's a good chance you'll need an RTX 40-series with DLSS 3 to get decent performance out of those games.

Looking at other GPUs, the 4090 outpaces AMD's top RX 6950 XT by 190% — as in, it's nearly three times faster. It's just over twice as fast as the RTX 3090 and 3080 Ti as well. And if you turn on DLSS Quality mode upscaling, which could be done on any of the RTX cards, the 4090 performance improves by 78%. RTX 4090 running the highest quality mode of DLSS thus ends up with nearly five times the performance of the 6950 XT in demanding DXR games.

The individual gaming charts as usual show a range of performance, though it's not nearly as wide as in our standard rasterization benchmarks. That's because most ray tracing games will fully tax the GPU, particularly at 4K. Across our six games, the 4090 advantage ranged from 67% in Control Ultimate Edition — which also happens to be the oldest of the games in our DXR suite — up to a 106% advantage in Fortnite with all the RT options maxed out.

Even without DLSS, the RTX 4090 almost manages to deliver native 4K ultra ray tracing performance of 60 fps or more. Certainly the performance is playable, at 40 fps or higher in all of the games. DLSS 2 Quality upscaling pushes that to 100 fps on average, and all of the DXR tests are now well above 60 fps. Again, we'll look at what DLSS 3 can do in some preview builds of games in just a moment.

Jarred Walton is a senior editor at Tom's Hardware focusing on everything GPU. He has been working as a tech journalist since 2004, writing for AnandTech, Maximum PC, and PC Gamer. From the first S3 Virge '3D decelerators' to today's GPUs, Jarred keeps up with all the latest graphics trends and is the one to ask about game performance.